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Below are the abstracts from clinical studies that support the Extend Bar®
formula and its key active ingredient.
Evaluation of a snack bar containing uncooked cornstarch in subjects with diabetes.
Kaufman FR, Halvorson M, Kaufman ND
Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a snack bar containing
uncooked cornstarch, equivalent to 1 1/2 starch/bread exchanges (bar 1), compared to a control bar
(bar 2), on the incidence of nocturnal and morning hypoglycemia in subjects with diabetes. Adolescent
campers and counselors with diabetes (n = 79) were randomly assigned to Group A (5 nights of snack
bar 1 as the evening snack, followed by 5 nights of snack bar 2) or Group B (5 nights of snack bar 2
as the evening snack, followed by 5 nights of snack bar 1). Midnight and morning finger stick blood
glucose levels were compared to determine the incidence of hypoglycemia (< 60 mg/dl) and hyperglycemia
(> 250 mg/dl), and events were analyzed for the total cohort, Group A, and Group B and by glycated
hemoglobin quartile to determine the effect of each bar on glycemia. For subjects with diabetes there
was a significant decrease in the number of hypoglycemic episodes with bar 1 compared to bar 2 at
midnight (total cohort and Groups A and B) and in the morning (total cohort and Group A). There was a
significant decrease in the number of subjects to ever experience hypoglycemia with snack bar 1
compared to snack bar 2, a significantly lower incidence of hyperglycemic episodes at midnight with
snack bar 1, and no difference in the incidence of hypoglycemia by glycated hemoglobin quartile.
These data suggest that the snack bar containing uncooked cornstarch can diminish night time and
morning hypoglycemia in subjects with diabetes, without causing hyperglycemia.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1997;35:25-33
The effect of extend bar containing uncooked cornstarch on night-time glycemic
excursion in suspects with type 2 diabetes
Maryellen Dyer-Parziale
Casa Pacifica Medical Clinic, 1722 S Lewis Rd, Camarillo, CA 93012, USA
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of ingesting a snack bar
containing uncooked cornstarch (Extend Bar, Clinical Products, Limited, Key Biscayne, FL) on nocturnal
glycemic excursion in 28 adults (ages 22-78 years) with type 2 diabetes mellitus (mean HbAlc 8.21 ±
1.28%). Thirteen subjects were treated with oral agents, eight with a combination of insulin and oral
agents, and seven with insulin alone. Subjects ingested the study bar (Extend Bar, containing 30 g of
total carbohydrate, including 5 g of uncooked cornstarch, 3 g protein, and 3 g fat) for three
evenings followed by a placebo bar for 3 evenings (30 g of total carbohydrate, 3 g protein, and 3 g
fat), or vice versa. Pre-snack before bedtime, midnight and before breakfast finger stick blood
glucose levels were compared to determine the incidence of hypoglycemia ( < 60 mg/dl), hyperglycemia
( > 250 mg/dl), and to calculate any differences in the group's mean blood glucose levels when
ingesting the study versus the placebo bar. There were no episodes of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
The mean blood glucose levels pre-snack at bedtime were nearly identical (Extend Bar value 117.5 ±
45.6 mg/dl; placebo bar value 117.3 ± 40.0 mg/dl; P = 0.977), and lower at midnight and before
breakfast on the Extend Bar nights compared to the placebo bar nights (Extend Bar, midnight value
127.9 ± 3 1.0 mg/dl; placebo bar midnight value 148.2 + 32.1 mg/dl; P = 0.0001; Extend Bar breakfast
value 114.2 ± 15.8 mg/dl; placebo bar breakfast value 158.49 ± 30.3 mg/dl; P < 0.0001). These data
suggest that ingesting Extend Bar containing uncooked cornstarch as the nighttime snack may be an
effective strategy to lesson the frequency of nocturnal and morning hyperglycemia in subjects with
type 2 diabetes.
© 2001 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 2000 Oct;53(issue 3):137-139
A study to assess the efficacy of Extend Bar® as an appetite suppressant in
males and females. A crossover study in moderately overweight subjects with BMI 27-31
Glen Sussman, Ph.D.
President, Illinois Center for Clinical Trials, Chicago, IL.
Arush Anigrass, B.S.
Medical Student/Study Coordinator
Abstract
There are always several items of interest that appear on the market every year
to Promote weight loss or to help metabolic processes increase efficiency in order to indirectly
cause, weight loss. One such method used to reach such goal is to decrease food consumption by
either causing individuals to be satiated for longer periods of time or by simply providing
stimulus of satiety such that food need not be consumed. Extend Bar® uniquely attempts to
influence both criteria by providing a long-acting carbohydrate snack bar containing uncooked
cornstarch. This study is designed to assess the efficiency of each 40 gram bar in terms of
taste and calorie intake. Essentially, the capability of Extend Bar® as a potentially adequate
appetite suppressant in adults will be evaluated in this pilot study.
Data on file. Unpublished study conducted at University of Chicago: 2000
Use of uncooked cornstarch to avert nocturnal hypoglycemia in children and
adolescents with type I diabetes.
Kaufman FR, Devgan S
Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, University of
Southern California School of Medicine, USA.
Abstract
Intensive management of type I diabetes mellitus may lead to a significant increase
in hypoglycemia. This study evaluated the use of uncooked cornstarch to avert hypoglycemia in 13
patients, ages 3.0-17.5 years, with diabetes and a history of nighttime hypoglycemia. The usual
bedtime snack (Standard Snack Period) was given for 14 days followed by 14 days in which 25%-50% of
the carbohydrate content was given as uncooked cornstarch in milk (Test Snack Period). Blood glucose
levels were obtained at 0200 and before breakfast during the 28-day study. No difference was found
between the mean (+/- SD) before breakfast blood glucose levels during the two periods; however, the
mean (+/- SD) number of hypoglycemic episodes (blood glucose < 60 mg/dl or 3.3 mmol/l) was reduced
significantly during the test snack period at both 0200 (p < 0.025) and before breakfast (p < 0.01)
compared to standard snack period (standard snack 2.00 +/- 2.12 versus test snack 0.61 +/- 0.87 at
0200, standard snack 2.61 +/- 2.25 versus test snack 0.69 +/- 1.03 before breakfast). in addition,
in four children who were evaluated with every-2-h glucose levels through the night, stable glycemia
was achieved after cornstarch ingestion. our results suggest that uncooked cornstarch may be useful
to decrease the frequency of nocturnal hypoglycemia in type i diabetes patients. this low-cost,
simple intervention might be considered as an adjunctive therapy to diminish the risk of intensive
diabetes management.
Journal of Diabetes Complications 1996 Oct;10(Mar-Apr):84-87
A randomized, blinded trial of uncooked cornstarch to diminish nocturnal
hypoglycemia at Diabetes Camp.
Kaufman FR, Halvorson M, Kaufman ND
Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine if uncooked cornstarch, as part of the evening snack, can
avert nocturnal hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Fifty-one campers and counselors at the American
Diabetes Association Camp in San Bernardino, CA were randomly assigned to receive 5 g of uncooked
cornstarch as part of the 21:00 evening snack vs. a standard snack of equivalent carbohydrate
content. Each snack was given for five nights and the participants and medical personnel were
blinded as to assignment. Midnight and 07:00 finger stick blood glucose levels were compared with
values <60 mg/dl defined as hypoglycemia and values > 250 mg/dl defined as hyperglycemia.
RESULTS: There were 218 midnight and 222 07:00 values for comparison. There were
six episodes of hypoglycemia at midnight and nine episodes of hypoglycemia at 07:00 for the
cornstarch snack nights vs. 30 hypoglycemia episodes at midnight and 21 at 07:00 for the standard
snack nights (P < 0.001 and <0.05, respectively). there was no difference in the number of
hyperglycemic events at midnight or 07:00 for the cornstarch vs. standard snack nights. at
midnight, 12% of campers had hypoglycemia after the cornstarch snack vs. 46% after the standard
snack (p < 0.001), and at 07:00, 16% had hypoglycemia after cornstarch vs. 26% after the standard
snack (p = 0.327). conclusions: these data suggest that uncooked cornstarch, as part of the evening
snack, can diminish the nighttime and morning hypoglycemia associated with type 1 diabetes, without
causing hyperglycemia.
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 1995 Dec;30(3):205-9
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